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20 December 2013, Volume 27 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Behavior of Cantilever Double Soldier-Piled System for Deep Excavation in Expansive Soils 2013, 27 (6):  1-3.  Abstract ( 1851 )   Save The cantilever double soldierpiled supporting system was used for a deep excavation in Wangjiang Garden project in East Chengdu City. The subsurface soil consists of expansive cohesive soils. This paper presents an application of this type of supporting system in the deep excavation. The construction monitoring indicates that the cantilever double soldierpiled system can effectively limit the horizontal displacement during the excavation.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications of Circular Internal Bracing Technique in the Deep Excavation Supports LU Shihua 2013, 27 (6):  4-6.  Abstract ( 2591 )   Save The circular internal bracing is a popular supporting system in the deep excavations. It has the advantages of large working area without supporting members. It is also flexible for the substructure arrangements and earthwork constructions. A case study is provided in this paper to provide an application of the circular internal bracing technique in the deep excavations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of HP Piles in the Drainage Pipe Construction Excavation Supports SONG Yangqing1， LI Guobao2 2013, 27 (6):  7-9.  Abstract ( 2260 )   Save This paper presents a case study of the application of HP piles in the excavation support of drainage pipe construction in the coastal area of Tianjin City. The progress of the excavation was simulated with the finite element software Plaxis. The stability of the deep excavation as well stress and strain distributions within the supporting structures and soil mass are analyzed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Hydraulically Dredged Fine Sand Soils Improved by Deep Dynamic Compaction HOU Hualiang 2013, 27 (6):  10-13.  Abstract ( 1877 )   Save This paper presents a case study of improving hydraulically dredged fine sand soils with deep dynamic compaction method. The pore water pressure and the settlement of the craters are monitored. The effect of the dynamic compaction are evaluated by laboratory testing on soil samples, dilatometer, cone penetration test and standard penetration testing as well as static plate loading tests. Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil Improvement and Testing in Yuxi Hongta Group WANG Rui 2013, 27 (6):  14-17.  Abstract ( 2067 )   Save This paper presents a case study of soil improvement and testing project for the tobacco leaf re-roasting and storage sites of Hongta Group in Yuxi City. The subsurface soil/rock conditions and their geotechnical properties are evaluated. Based on the analysis, the deep dynamic compaction was selected as the soil improvement method. It is concluded that the dynamic compaction with standard backfill material can significantly improve the subsurface soils. It is also suggested that the dynamic penetration test as the quality assurance tool is appropriate and the testing locations should be representative. Related Articles | Metrics

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Downstream Longitudinal Concrete Cofferdam Demolition Blasting of in the Second stage Project of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station LI Mingsong 2013, 27 (6):  18-21.  Abstract ( 1832 )   Save The downstream section of the longitudinal Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) cofferdam in the secondstage construction in Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station needs to be removed by blasting. In this paper, the design and selection of the cofferdam demolition blasting methods, vibration control criteria and the quantity inside the cofferdam are presented. The selected drilling and blasting plan was the method with predominant inclined boreholes. This method optimizes the design of blasting scheme and parameters, and utilizes the highprecision detonating tube detonator on a large scale blasting network design. Under this design, the vibration resulted from the largest single blasting meets the requirement.  Other safety assurance measures are also adopted to ensure the safety. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability Analysis and Mitigation Measures of Landsides at Lidong Village DENG Weiping1, WANG Yujiao1, CHEN Guanghai2, WANG Shibo3 2013, 27 (6):  22-25.  Abstract ( 2285 )   Save Due to the mountainous terrain with intensive river incision effect in south Zhejiang area, there are numerous slopes with sliding hazardous. With the trigger of heavy rainfalls, landslides are frequently occurred recently and resulted in the significant human life and property loss. Therefore, it is imperative to properly stabilize these slopes. This paper presents the results of analytical results on the Lidong Landslides by using both limit equilibrium and transfer coefficient methods. Based on the characteristics of the engineering geology, stability analysis results and the local engineering practice, a comprehensive landslide prevention and mitigation method is proposed: Antisliding shafts, unloading at the driving area, surface protection using vegetation, cracking sealing and the drainage ditches at top of the potential sliding body. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability Analysis on H3 Landslide at Sichuan-Tibet Highway G317 CHENG Haikun, WEI Xiaoyang, GUO Yaolin 2013, 27 (6):  26-28.  Abstract ( 2030 )   Save Landslide occurred between Stations K1153+776 and K1153 +957 of Sichuan-Tibet Highway G317. It is at the left bank of Yongdaqu River. The subsurface investigation revealed the landslide limits and the subsurface conditions. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the landslide was triggered by the seismic and the rainfall actions. The secondary slides are also prone to occur after the primary slides. These slides are very difficult to mitigate. The highway is recommended to relocate to the opposite side of the river which has relatively more stable condition. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability Analyses and Mitigation Measures of  Typical Slopes in Zhao-Yin Expressway WU Shangjie1,2 2013, 27 (6):  29-31.  Abstract ( 1911 )   Save ZhaoYin Expressway in Zhangzhou passes through the Zhongshan Formation, which is typical for its complicated folding and rupture in technic structures with different degrees of weathering. The rolling terrain with typical eroding is also typical in physiography. This paper presents a case study of the analysis and mitigation of the typical highway slopes in this project. In addition to the natural conditions, the effect of the heavy rain on the slope stability is also evaluated. Throughout the stability analyses, the factors of safety are also not acceptable under normal and heavy rainfall conditions. When the slopes are reinforced with ground anchors, the stability is slightly improved. When the ground anchors as well as the antisliding shafts are used, the factors of safety can be significantly improved. Due to the special conditions of these slopes, it is suggested that the stability design should be modified during the construction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dayuanbao Rock Rupture Deformation Monitoring and Stability Analysis LU Zengmu, LIU Quanqing， Zou Debing 2013, 27 (6):  32-33.  Abstract ( 2148 )   Save The front face of the Dayuanbao rock rupture body has an obvious deformation due to the localized surcharge. Throughout the analysis of the surcharge process and the displacement monitoring, the deformation of the rock mass was summarized. The stability of the rock anchors is also reevaluated. Based on the long term monitoring and the reevaluation results, it is concluded that rock mass is stable under the design surcharge load. Related Articles | Metrics

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Control of Large Deformation of Tunnels in Expansive Soils YU Xinjun 2013, 27 (6):  34-37.  Abstract ( 1783 )   Save The conventional threeverticalbencheswithsevenareas excavation method does not have a good result in terms of deformation control of the surrounding soil mass in the excavation of tunnels in expansive soils. It has an important engineering implication of optimizing this conventional excavation method so that it can be used in the expansive soils. This paper presents a case study of the optimized method used in the tunnel excavation in expansive soils in Taixing Railway No. 2 Bid Package project. The deformation of the surrounding soil mass was monitored and the improved excavation method was proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Simulations of Highway Embankment Reinforced by Geogrids WU Sha, WANG Xiaodong 2013, 27 (6):  38-40.  Abstract ( 1887 )   Save Geogrids have the advantage of high tensile strength and low elongation rate and they are widely used in the highway embankments to improve the pavement performance and reduce the settlement. Both the vertical and horizontal displacements in the embankment before and after the geogrid improvement are evaluated. The results indicate that the geogrid can provide a good limitation measure on both the vertical and horizontal deformations, especially, horizontal displacement. The number of reinforcement layers has limited role of limiting the vertical settlement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability Analysis of Rock Anchored Syncline Slope Using Finite Element Method WANG Yong1, PI Chongbin2 2013, 27 (6):  41-46.  Abstract ( 2288 )   Save This paper presents a case study of the analysis of a highway cut of a syncline rock slope. The rock anchored slope was evaluated with two dimensional plane strain finite element model using MIDAS GTS commercial software. The stability of the rock slope before and after the rock anchor reinforcement is analyzed based on the strength reduction method. The displacement, plasticity zone and the factor of safety changes before and after the reinforcement are presented. The effect of length, spacing and inclination angle of the rock anchors on the stability of the slope is evaluated. The relationship between the factor of safety of the slope and the various affecting components are also investigated. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exert Analytic Hierarchy Process Scheme to Optimize the Scheme of Masonring Retaining wall YIN Changjun, FANG Lei 2013, 27 (6):  47-50.  Abstract ( 1511 )   Save Stacked modular blacks have the advantage of economical, durability and potential wide application. They are one of the new construction materials and can be widely used in the construction retaining walls and slope protection projects. This paper presents analytical results of the stability of this application by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results show that the stacked modular blocks has the advantage in the retaining wall application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Analysis of Highway Subgrade above an Elliptical Karstic Rock Cavern LIN Zhiyong1,2， DAI Zihang1 2013, 27 (6):  51-54.  Abstract ( 2415 )   Save This paper presents the numerical analysis results of the stability of highway subgrade above an elliptical karstic rock cavern. The factor of safety, development of the potential failure plane, which defined as the connection of the plastic zones and the shear strain rates, are used as the failure criteria. The thickness of the overburden material, shape, horizontal distance of the embankment toe to the cavern on the stability of the highway subgrade above the elliptical karst rock cavern are investigated. The results indicate that the settlement shape of the subgrade is a cone type and the magnitude of the settlement is reduced with the increase of the overburden material. The factor of safety will also increase and tends to stable. The failure patterns of the subgrade above the cavern are: tensile failure of the overburden rock and shear failure of the embankment above. For ellipsoid karstic rock cavern, the roof thickness was less than that for horizontal cavern roof. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Finite Element Analysis of Interaction among Raft-Foundation-Soil and Superstructure FAN Lijia, ZHANG Liang, GUO Xiaogang, WANG Min 2013, 27 (6):  55-58.  Abstract ( 2079 )   Save This paper presents the stress and strain distributions within the structural frames and raft foundation by considering the interactions among the three dimensional frame, raft foundation and foundation soils. The nonlinear properties of the materials are simulated with threedimensional finite element software ANSYS. Three types of foundation soil stiffness are assumed in the analyses in order to investigate its impact on the frame and raft structures. The numerical analysis results indicate that the soil stiffness has little impact on the differential settlement of the frames and rafts but it has large on the total settlement of the raft foundation. The stress distribution pattern will change if the stiffness of the foundation soils changes. The stress distribution of the foundation soils can also be obtained from the analysis and can be utilized in the safe structural design.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil Densification Effects of Pre-stressed Concrete Pipe Piles Based on the SMP Failure Criterion TANG Weifeng1, WANG Chun2, LI Bengui, WANG Gan1， WAN Zheng2 2013, 27 (6):  59-61.  Abstract ( 2186 )   Save During the driving process of a prestressed reinforced concrete pipe pile, the soil densification and plugging effects are also induced. Both the soil densification and the plugging effects are analyzed based on the Spatially Mobilized Plane (SMP) failure criterion. The stress and displacement of the prestressed reinforced concrete pipe pile are presented in the paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Settlement of Pile Groups MIAO Junqiu1, LIU Fuchen2 2013, 27 (6):  62-64.  Abstract ( 2230 )   Save Two types of pile group settlement prediction methods are presented in this paper based on the densely spaced and sparsely spaced pile groups. The techniques for the sublayer division and the selection of settlement and induced effective stress calculation points are summarized in the paper. The thickness of compressible soil layer estimation, settlement pattern for the long and sparsely spaced pile groups as well as the settlement reduction methods are also summarized. Related Articles | Metrics

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Strength Deduction Stability Analysis of Levee on Soft Soils QIN Xiao 2013, 27 (6):  65-67.  Abstract ( 2394 )   Save This paper presents a case study of analytical results of levees on soft soils in coastal region. Three methods of analysis: Simplified Bishop's method, General Janbu Method and Modified Janbu Method, are studied respectively by using the strength reduction principles. The safety factors are obtained and the results of the three methods are compared. It is concluded that the factor of safety obtained from the General Janbu Method is slightly less than those resulted from both the Simplified Bishop's Method and the Modified Janbu Method. Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on Scheme of Automatic Monitoring on Landslide and Rockfall Hazards ZHOU Zhengrong1, ZHANG Guowei2, WU Jiwu3 2013, 27 (6):  68-70.  Abstract ( 2178 )   Save In this paper, a west passenger line tunnel is taken as engineering background, discusses the problem of automatic monitoring on landslide that railway tunnel passes through, and puts forward a series of monitoring implementation, which can provide a reference for future similar projects.. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Soil Deformation Induced by Twin Shield Tunnels XU Hongbo 2013, 27 (6):  71-74.  Abstract ( 2084 )   Save This paper presents a FLAC3D finite difference model of the twin shield tunnels. The objective of the model is to obtain the surface settlement and soil mass movement during the tunnel construction. The settlement characteristics of single and double tunnels, the shield support time, distance to the shielding surface, grouting time and soil pressures on the deformation of the sounding soils are also investigated. Related Articles | Metrics

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Groundwater Control Methods in Deep Excavations RUAN Linlong1, DU xiongwen2, ZHANG Haipeng1 2013, 27 (6):  75-77.  Abstract ( 2310 )   Save The groundwater control is one of the most serious problems in the deep excavation project, especially, excavation in the gravelly soils. This paper presents the groundwater control case histories of four recently completed deep excavation projects. The groundwater control programs are optimized based on the adjacent environments, hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of the Soil Improvement Methods for Peaty Soft Soils SU Wensheng 2013, 27 (6):  78-80.  Abstract ( 2381 )   Save The peaty soils are formed at the late Quaternary geological stage by the deltaic fluvial, marine tidal and lake sediments. This is one of the widely distributed soils in Fujian Province. This paper discusses the different soil improvement methods that are successfully used in the actual projects. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Description of Rock Fatigue Evolution Using Acoustic Emission Damage Variables TANG Xiaojun1,2, XU Jiang2, YAN Bing1 2013, 27 (6):  81-83.  Abstract ( 1340 )   Save Numerous methods have been developed to describe the damage characteristics of brittle materials such as rock samples. Each method has its advantage and disadvantage. For rock samples under cyclic loading conditions, the plastic strain method is more popular compared with the acoustic emission method. This paper presents the results of using acoustic emission method to describe the damage evolution process of the sandstone rock samples under the cyclic loading conditions by taking the advantage of relationship between the acoustic emission and the rock damage. The results show that the damage evolution model based on AE variable is consistent with the experimental results. Related Articles | Metrics

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State of the Art Review of Liquefaction Analysis ZHOU Jun 2013, 27 (6):  84-86.  Abstract ( 1787 )   Save The liquefaction potential of a construction site has significant impact of the optimization design and the capital investment. This paper presents a state of the art review of the liquefaction evaluation of a site. The code method and simplified Seed method are used to evaluate the same site. The results indicate that a higher liquefaction potential evaluated by the code approach in higher fine content in silty soils, compared with the Simplified Seed method. Related Articles | Metrics

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Considerations on the Liquefaction of Soils for Railway Subgrade the Mitigations XIONG Lindun 2013, 27 (6):  87-90.  Abstract ( 2904 )   Save Since the Niigata Earthquake in Japan and Alaska Earthquake in the United States in 1964, Xingtai Earthquake in 1966 and Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008 in China, soil liquefaction has been paid much attention than ever before. In China, in addition to the detailed site seismic investigation and surveying, research work has been conducted on the test equipment such as dynamic triaxial apparatus, laboratory research on the seismic properties of sand, research on liquefaction evaluation method of sandy soils. Research results indicate that, the deformation and the stability of sandy soils under the action of seismic force are closely related to their physical and mechanical properties, the structural compositions. The seismic damage to the underground structures decreases with the increase of their embedment depths. For the railway subgrades, under cyclic impacts from the train and the other vibration sources, the soil properties have changed from their initial conditions and result in more complicated conditions for the seismic liquefaction evaluation. Therefore, the testing on the subgrade soils has a significant importance on the liquefaction evaluation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Ionic Soil Stabilizer in Water Conservation Projects LI Yonghe 2013, 27 (6):  91-94.  Abstract ( 1677 )   Save The characteristics of water conservation projects, especially for the sea and river dikes, river bank protection projects, are typically with a long alignment, wide area and can be simultaneously constructed at multiple locations. The capital investment for these projects is usually huge. Therefore, it has a practical importance for seeking the new construction materials and technologies. The Ionic Soil Stabilizer (ISS) is introduced and is applied in the real construction projects. This paper presents the in-situ and laboratory test results of the application of this soil stabilizer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Techniques of Using Air Dried Weak Expansive Soil as Backfill Material XIANG Qun 2013, 27 (6):  95-97.  Abstract ( 2661 )   Save Expansive soils are widely distributed and the losses induced by the expansive soil hazards are significant. This paper presents a case study of using the weak expansive soil from the foundation excavation waste as the controlled backfill material. Throughout the on-site trial and backfill tests, a cost effective solution of utilizing the waste soil is proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Unconfined Compressive Strength of Shanghai Cohesive Soils Reinforced with Palm and Wheat Straws QU Jili，LIU Baoshi, LI Chencai 2013, 27 (6):  98-103.  Abstract ( 8549 )   Save In order to improve the strengthdeformation characteristics of Shanghai soft cohesive soils, the palm and wheat straws are added in the target soil samples, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength of the soils reinforced with palm or with wheat straw is analyzed by selecting different reinforcement lengths and reinforcement ratios as influence factors. The results show that: 1) Unconfined compressive strength of the palm reinforced soils is higher than that of the wheat straw reinforced soils. Both of the reinforced soils have the higher strength than the original soil samples. 2) The optimum reinforcement length of the palm straw is approximately 15 mm and the optimum reinforcement ratio is about 1.0 % in weight; The optimum reinforcement length of tubercular wheat straw is approximately 15 mm and the optimum reinforcement ratio is about 0.3%~0.4% in weight. 3) The stressstrain curves of the palm reinforced soils tend to be strainhardening type. The stressstrain curve of the wheat straw reinforced soils appear to be strainsoftening type. The preliminary results show that the palm and wheat straws are both suitable for being used as reinforcement materials. The reinforcement effect of palm straws has a better result comparing with soils reinforced by the wheat straws. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Simulation of Free Surface on the Rock Breaking Effect by TBM Cutters using UDEC MO Zhenze 2013, 27 (6):  102-104.  Abstract ( 1930 )   Save In order to evaluate the rock breaking mechanism and to consider the effect of free surface in the tunnel excavation, a series of Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) models are established simulating the process of rock fragmentation by Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) cutters. The analysis shows that, if an appropriate TBM cutter distance and penetration are maintained due to the existing of the adjacent free surfaces, the crack propagation energy decreases; the density of the cracks increases, cracks are prone to be initiated. Therefore, the rock mass are easier to be disintegrated and the efficiency of the cutters can be improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Field Classification of Granite Weathering Zone WU Sichuan 2013, 27 (6):  105-106.  Abstract ( 1630 )   Save There are different interpretations on the field classification of the granite weathering zones due to the different understanding of the current standard specifications. This paper presents an easy to follow, more clear classification criteria of the granite weathering zones based on the qualitative and quantitative classification indices. Related Articles | Metrics

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True Triaxial Shear Testing on a Guangzhou Clay ZHANG Xintao1, YANG Xueqiang1， WANG Shixu2 2013, 27 (6):  107-110.  Abstract ( 1627 )   Save A series of true triaxial shear tests on undisturbed Guangzhou clay under different cell pressures and intermediate principal stress coefficients are performed on a true triaxial apparatus. The stress-strain, strength and deformation characteristics of the undisturbed clay under the consolidated undrained state are evaluated. The deviatoric stress, pore water pressure, stress ratio as well as the effective principal stress ratio with the coefficient of variation of principal stress are also studied. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Rounded Gravel Properties using Dynamic Cone Penetration and Deep Plate Load Tests ZHOU Linhua， LIU Zengrong 2013, 27 (6):  111-113.  Abstract ( 1873 )   Save This paper presents the results of determining the bearing capacity and the deformation modulus of the rounded gravelly soils using the dynamic cone penetration and deep plate load tests. The test results are compared and analyzed. Suggestions are made to improve the testing results. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of the Construction Monitoring of Deep Excavations ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Lijuan, CHEN Hongzhou, ZHAO Zhenwei 2013, 27 (6):  114-117.  Abstract ( 2132 )   Save In recent years, the deep excavation projects increase rapidly. Observational construction is one of the important methods that can improve the construction efficiency and reduce the accident. The observational construction is one of the modern construction management methods that involved with the application of the system engineering. The system engineering includes the data acquisition, information feedback, back analysis and forecast, and decision making. The dynamic design during the construction has more and more applications recently. This paper presents a state of the art review of the construction monitoring of the deep excavation projects. Monitoring equipment and measures, excavation deformation prediction and control, as well as the forecasting of the excavation hazards are also introduced in the paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Electromagnetic Image Technique in the Dam Site Investigation in Karst Terrain CHENG Guanggui, KANG Shihai 2013, 27 (6):  118-121.  Abstract ( 1678 )   Save Throughout a case history, the basic theory of the electromagnetic imaging technique, field applications, and the key aspects of this technology are presented. The application indicates that this method can detect the underground karst rock cavern, pinnacles and depths. The testing results can be used in the dam stability analysis as well as the curtain grouting design. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Comparison Research of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in Concrete Nondestructive Testing HU Gang 2013, 27 (6):  122-125.  Abstract ( 1783 )   Save This paper briefly introduces the basic principle of ground penetrating radar (GPR) for detection, and through the GPR method to the precast concrete model, shows the different judgment to defects and further pointed out the limitation and applicability to GPR testing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristic Tests for Dynamic Foundations ZHANG Zhihao, LI Rongxian，SHENG Liancheng, WANG Yuzhou 2013, 27 (6):  126-130.  Abstract ( 1690 )   Save Centrifugal compressors have the characteristics of high revolving speed, large pumping flow, well compacted structure, small self-weight as well as small footprint. The popular foundation types for these structures are large block or frame structures. With the rapid developments in China's oil refining industry, the high speed compressors are widely used in the refineries. The foundation for the centrifugal compressor structure design is to control the vibration within the permissible limit so that the foundation vibration will affect the machine's normal operation. The excessive vibration induced form the dynamic foundations will adversely affect production, cause differential settlement at the adjacent structures and foundations. This paper presents a case history of vibration testing results on the dynamic foundations for a refinery in Yunnan. Testing was performed on different soils and foundations, the natural frequencies of soils and foundations are compared with the machine's operational frequencies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study of the Fatigue Deformation of Rock Samples under Cyclic Loadings HAN Ben, LIU Ping 2013, 27 (6):  131-133.  Abstract ( 1981 )   Save A series of laboratory cyclic loading tests on rock samples with constant loading rates under different deviator stress levels are performed. The relationships among the axial strain, radial strain, bulk strain and cycle index under different deviator stress levels are evaluated. The characteristics of fatigue deformation of the rock samples subjected to cyclic loading are then analyzed. The results indicate that the axial strain, radial strain, bulk strain and deformation modulus remain constant with the increasing cycle index under the deviator stress of less than 50 MPa. A diverge tendency can be observed if the deviator stress is greater than 50 MPa. Due to the increasing in number and the dilation of cracks in the samples, the average deformation modulus under a deviator stress of 80MPa is larger than the one under 110MPa. Under different deviator stress, the average deformation modulus will reduce with the increase of the deviator stress. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors in safety monitoring for a reservoir while a subway tunnel is crossing below Guo Yugen 2013, 27 (6):  134-138.  Abstract ( 1736 )   Save Due to the specialization of the reservoir, it is difficult to meet timely, accurate and distributed requirements for directly monitoring of cracks and leakages in baseboard and walls by some traditional methods. This paper proposes a new idea to measure strains using the distributed Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) sensors, and analyze the results. Monitoring results show that the FBG sensors is suitable for walls strain monitoring in reservoirs. And the method to conjecture strains in baseboard by measuring strains along walls is feasible. The initial success is regarded to be helpful for the next crossing of the right subway tunnel. Related Articles | Metrics