Table of Content

20 April 2012, Volume 26 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Application of the Anchored Hand-dug Caissons in a Large Deep Excavation XU Kaijun1，FENG Chunhui2 2012, 26 (2):  1-3.  Abstract ( 3319 )   Save This paper presents a case history of the application of the hand-dug secant caissons as the supporting system for a large deep excavation in Shenzhen. From the excavation support system design and optimization aspects, geotechnical technical details of applying the ground anchors in the very large deep excavations are also introduced. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Lime-soil Compacted Column Treating Collapsible Loess Soils YI Yuxia, TAN Jinghe 2012, 26 (2):  4-6.  Abstract ( 2493 )   Save Lime-soil compacted column is one of the most effective methods for treating the collapsible loess soils. The compacted columns have the advantage of minimizing the potential settlement after wetting of the loess; reducing the differential settlements; and improving the bearing capacity of the columnsoil composite ground for foundations. The case study in this paper demonstrates the feasibility and the effectiveness of this soil improvement method. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Soil Improvement for the Ras Az Zawr Port in Saudi Arabia ZHANG Baohua, ZHANG Hongbo, CHEN Sheng 2012, 26 (2):  7-9.  Abstract ( 2892 )   Save Soil improvement was needed for the Ras Az Zawr port in Saudi Arabia.  Authors introduced two methods in the paper, including dynamic compaction and vibrating blunt.  Improvement effects, applicability, purposes, cost were also compared and concluded. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of the Large Deformation Mechanism and Resolutions  for the Tunnel Passes through Coal Seam RONG Jianbo 2012, 26 (2):  10-12.  Abstract ( 2355 )   Save Monitoring data and geological conditions were explored to study the large deformation mechanism, with an example of Zhonggong tunnel in RuijinGanzhou highway. The results show that the combination of rock structure and groundwater is the main effect for the large deformation, as well as the bias ground stress.  Based on the geological conditions in the field, arch replacement and small pipe grouting technology were used to control the deformation.  The measurement shows that the expectation is met with resolutions. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Numerical Analysis of Existing Tunnel Under crossed  by Shield Tunnel in Short Distance DAI Yifei1，SUN Lei2，ZHANG Wei2 2012, 26 (2):  13-15.  Abstract ( 2213 )   Save Engineering measures for existing tunnel under crossed by shield tunnel in short distance were put forward through the analysis of project example in the Wuhan Metro line 2 under crossed by Metro line 3, combined with the engineering experience of similar geological strata. Numerical analysis methods were used to obtain the relations between the vertical displacement of existing tunnel and the jacking force of shield machine, ground strengthening and position of the shield machine. Feasibility of the engineering measures was verified and related suggestions were put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Counter Slope Drainage Applications in Mitigating of Groundwater  and Mud Gushing in the Tunnel Construction  GAO Wentao, WU Zhigang 2012, 26 (2):  16-18.  Abstract ( 2597 )   Save The construction of the Yingzuiyan Tunnel penetrated the vertical solution channels in the karst area and resulted in the groundwater and mud gushing into the working area. Based on the typical hydrological conditions and the observations during the construction, the counter slope drainage was used to treat the water and mud gushing conditions. This method is proved to be cost effective and the result is satisfactory. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of the Pressure Grouting in the Rehabilitation of an Office Building DU Xiuai 2012, 26 (2):  19-20.  Abstract ( 2494 )   Save Large areas of differential settlement are observed in an office building of Laiyang steel factory. Several rehabilitation alternatives are compared and the pressure grouting method was selected to improve the foundation soils underneath the settled area. The ground improvement results are satisfactory.  Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Stability Analyses and Mitigations of Landslides  in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area SHUA Qiangqiang1, CHEN Zhaofeng2 2012, 26 (2):  21-24.  Abstract ( 2557 )   Save The geological and environmental conditions in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area are complicated. Many variables could affect the slope stabilities. Based on the engineering geology conditions, geotechnical investigation data, main factors that may potentially contribute to the slope instabilities are identified. Analytical results indicate that the slopes are often at the critical creeping state after the heavy precipitations. Mitigation methods are proposed based on the analytical results. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Control of Cracking in Concrete Raft Foundation  for a Reactor Unit at a Nuclear Power Plant ZHANG Dayan1，HUANG Fuqiang2，XIA Xiang3 2012, 26 (2):  25-27.  Abstract ( 2403 )   Save A case history of the concrete placement of CPR1000 Reactor raft foundation at Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant, is presented in this paper.  The entire concrete raft foundation was placed in a single pour.  Factors that impact the control and prevention of cracking of mass concrete, such as material properties of concrete, pouring temperature, and additional reinforcement, were analyzed.  Concrete strain and temperature were monitored during construction.  Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction Method for Lifting Rebar Cage for Diaphragm Wall ZHU Yongwei1，2 2012, 26 (2):  28-30.  Abstract ( 4369 )   Save The construction method for lifting rebar cage for diaphragm wall for a metro station is presented in as case study.  The selection of crane, lifting capacity estimation, the locations of pick points and proper construction procedure are presented in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Stress-Strain Characteristics the Lining  of a Shielded Metro Tunnel underneath the Existing Tunnels ZHANG Liangliang 2012, 26 (2):  31-34.  Abstract ( 2473 )   Save The prediction of the loads and their time effects on the lining system of a shielded metro tunnel crossing the existing tunnels is an important factor in the risk control of the shield construction.  This paper records a case history of the proposed No. 3 shielded regional metro line underneath the existing No. 1 metro line in Nanjing City. The finite difference method was used in the analysis the impact of the No. 3 line construction on the lining system of the existing No. 1 line. The results indicated that the current shield construction technology was appropriate and would not adversely affect the existing tunnel lining. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Hydrogeology Analyses and Water Piping Warning  Technology of Malujing Tunnel in Yiwan Railroad ZENG Qiangyun 2012, 26 (2):  35-37.  Abstract ( 2729 )   Save Malujing tunnel is one of eight Grade I risk tunnels along Yiwan railroad. Large karst rock cavities were developed with high water pressure at DK255+978.  After drainage pipe was drilled through cavities, water and mud inrush happened many times.  Researchers introduced hydrogeology background of Malujing tunnel in this paper.  Hydrogeology monitoring, estimation of peak water inrush and hydrogeology warning technology were also included. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction Techniques of Using Large Span Steel Box  Girders Cross over the Existing Highways ZHANG Fuxia 2012, 26 (2):  38-41.  Abstract ( 2050 )   Save Steel box girders have the advantages of fast installation, light selfweight, large span, high load carrying capability and ease maintenance. They are receiving wider applications in the highway bridge construction practice. This paper presents a case history of the installation of steel box girders of a highway ramp over the existing Xi'anTongchuan high speed road. Steel box girder construction details, such as, installation procedure optimization, construction control measures and structural component performance during the construction, are considered and analyzed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Optimization of Tunneling in Shale Using Numerical Analysis HU Shiquan 2012, 26 (2):  42-46.  Abstract ( 2474 )   Save Finite difference method was used as a tool to optimize tunnel construction through Shale bedrock for the right line of Longtan Tunnel.  The stress and strain in the rock mass due to different excavation methods obtained from the numerical analysis were used as the basis in the selection of the final tunneling method. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Impact of Transverse Gallery Construction on Main Tunnel Lining XU Xueshen 2012, 26 (2):  47-50.  Abstract ( 2103 )   Save Three dimensional finite element modeling and insitu monitoring were used to study the impact of transverse gallery construction on the main tunnel lining for a project in Qinghai Province.  The stress and deformation of the main tunnel lining increased sharply at the beginning of transverse gallery construction, and began to stabilize with the increase of excavation depth.  The largest deformation of the main tunnel lining is the settlement at the vault.  Largest change in the principal stress also occurred at the vault of main tunnel lining, while the smallest change in principal stress occurred at the interior wall.  The construction of transverse gallery introduced asymmetrical deformation and stress distribution in the main tunnel lining.  The settlement at the interior wall is much larger than the exterior wall.   The principal stress at the exterior wall is much larger than the interior wall.  The insitu monitoring also confirmed that the location with the maximum amount of cracking coincided with location with largest predicted change in stress and deformation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Factors Affecting the Convex Rate of  a  Span Post Tensioned Concrete Box Girder WU Yaosheng 2012, 26 (2):  51-53.  Abstract ( 2284 )   Save  A 26 meters span post tension concrete box girder meets the design and code requirements on concrete strength, girder height, cross section dimensions, tension stresses and elongation. But the convex rate of the as-built girder was fairly lower than the design value. The asbuilt concrete box girder was loaded tested, independent analyzed and consulted by experts. Factors affecting the rate of the convex were able to be obtained. Finally, bridge safety concerns due to the lower convex rate of this post tensioned concrete box girder were eliminated. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A Soil-structure Interface Model and Its Experimental Verification YUAN Yuntao, XU Fangying, PU Chunlin 2012, 26 (2):  54-57.  Abstract ( 2355 )   Save The selection of a proper interface model is very important in simulating the stressstrain behavior of soil mass. The paper evaluates the conventional hyperbolic and modified RambergOsgood interface models. From the energy dissipation point of view, the static and kinematic shear system is analyzed and a new threeparameter interface model is derived. The experimental studies also show that this new model can appropriately simulate various interfaces between soil and other materials. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Incorporation of Nonlinear Rock Mass Creep Constitutive  Model into Finite Element Analysis Using User Subroutine ZHANG Bo 2012, 26 (2):  58-60.  Abstract ( 2871 )   Save A user subroutine was programmed to incorporate the nonlinear creep damage evolution equation of rock mass in the finite element analysis software ABAQUS.  With this user subroutine, the excavation of a circular tunnel and its subsequent mechanical behavior due creep were properly modeled. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Stability Analysis of Anchored Reinforced Cement Mixing  Columns Supporting Deep Excavation Using FLAC3D HU Yong 2012, 26 (2):  61-63.  Abstract ( 2649 )   Save The application of anchored cement mixing columns as the supporting structures of the deep excavation is introduced in this paper. The excavation and supporting process of applying the anchored cement mixing columns are simulated by using FLAC3D software. The lateral deflection of the supporting system, vertical settlement of the adjacent grounds, and heave of the excavated area are simulated. The factor of safety after the soil improvement by the anchored columns was able to be obtained by the strength deduction method. The conclusions obtained in this study can be applied to the design and construction of other deep excavation projects. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analytical Method for Predicting Interlocking  Forces in the Geogrid Reinforcement LI Lingxiao, ZHOU Ying, REN Cai, TONG De 2012, 26 (2):  64-67.  Abstract ( 3245 )   Save A simplified theoretical method to predict the interlocking forces in the geogrid reinforcement is proposed in this paper. Through a simplified approach of the aggregates and geogrid interactions, a unit interlock mode is proposed to simulate the two relative movement modes between the soil backfill and the geogrid. These two basic movement modes are: translation and rotational move. The ultimate tensile forces of the geogrid as well as the unit interlocking forces are derived. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Centrifugal Model Tests of Settlement in High Fills XIAO Yang 2012, 26 (2):  68-69.  Abstract ( 2319 )   Save Based on the construction of an airport in high fill area in Southwest China, the settlement characteristics of the compacted fills is studied by the centrifugal model tests. The model test results indicate that the settlement of the high fill materials have a small settlement magnitude and fast rate. Approximately, 90% of the total settlement will occur during the construction and the post construction settlement consists of only 10% of the total settlement. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Simulation of Triaxial Tests of Marble Samples through the Particle Flow Code YAO Tao1， REN Wei2，QUE Kunsheng3， WANG Yundong4 2012, 26 (2):  70-73.  Abstract ( 4069 )   Save The paper simulates triaxial tests of marble under different confining pressures by the particle flow code (PFC). It is noted that the micro parameters derived from the uniaxial tests can be used to simulate triaxial tests. The comparisons between the results of PFC numerical simulations and laboratory test show good agreement with the tested Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters. However, the PFC simulations could not reflect the change of the elastic modulus in the actual testing. The significant differences also exist in the tested and simulated Poisson's Ratio values. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design of Column-geogrid Reinforcement Layer in the Embankment Construction LI Ziling1, JIN Yanwen2 2012, 26 (2):  74-76.  Abstract ( 2280 )   Save The reinforced earth layer is very important to the performance of columngeogrid reinforcement in the embankment. The determination of the geogrid strength is the key to the proper reinforced earth layer design. The design approach of the columngeogrid reinforcement in a comprehensive test embankment section for the ballastless track for the SuiYu high speed rail is thoroughly discussed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Vibration Attenuation Formula to Ground  Improvement with Blasting Technique YIN Xianwei 2012, 26 (2):  77-80.  Abstract ( 2032 )   Save Both the Sadaosk formula and the modified Sadaosk formula were used to study the vibration attenuation from ground improvement with blasting technique.  Nonlinear regression analysis was performed to obtain the parameters required in the formulae using monitoring data.  The modified Sadaosk formula was found to fit the monitoring data better than the Sadaosk formula.  Therefore, it is recommended that the modified Sadosk formula be used in the design of ground improvement with blasting technique and vibration control associated with the blasting technique. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Blasting Control and Vibration Monitoring of an Excavation Project ZHANG Lei 2012, 26 (2):  81-83.  Abstract ( 2366 )   Save The determination of charging parameters, blasting plans and vibration threshold has been introduced in this paper. Based on the vibration monitoring of an excavation project, the attenuation of PPV (peak particle velocity) have been analyzed.  It is found that, at the same point of a structure, the PPV at higher location is greater than that on the ground.  There exists a scaling effect that when vibration waves pass through a convex structure and the amplification factor decreases with the scaled distance.  The scaling effect should be taken into consideration in the design of blasting control. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Division of Quaternary Period in Anyang City, Henan Province LI Dongdong 2012, 26 (2):  84-86.  Abstract ( 2005 )   Save The distribution, quantities, characteristics and origination of soils of Quaternary Period within Anyang City, Henan Province are studied throughout different bore holes. Except for the rolling hill areas, these materials are widely deposited in the alluvial plains in the eastern part of the City. The geotechnical properties of these materials vary significantly. The thickness of the Quaternary soils increase from west to east. Material deposition varies from multilayers gradually to single layer and the grain size also reduces. The origination of the materials changes from alluvial-fluvial, alluvial and finally to colluvialalluvial. These materials demonstrate an evolution process of from old to new, the area of colluvial-alluvial reduces and the increase of alluvial area. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Characteristics and Harzard Assessment of Debris Flows in Sichuan Provience MU Chunmei, WU Shuaitao，LI Zhi 2012, 26 (2):  87-89.  Abstract ( 2083 )   Save This paper reviews the characteristics, initiation and development of the debris flows in a County in Sichuan Province. The hazard of these debris flows were quantitatively assessed by using the Single Gulley Method proposed by Liu Xilin and Tang Chuan in 1996. The results indicate that the hazard scale of these debris flows, H, is 0.47, and they are have medium level of risk. The debris flow avoidance and prevention recommendations are also provided. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Experimental Study on Lime-treated Expansive Soil  at Yicheng-Baokang Section of Mazhu Highway LI Fanghua 2012, 26 (2):  90-92.  Abstract ( 2440 )   Save The expansive soils at Yicheng-Baokang section of Mazhu highway were studied in this paper.  Soil improvement by lime was included in a parallel study. Through heavy compaction test, Califonia Bearing Ratio (CBR) test and swellshrink test, the variation of compaction properties, CBR value and total swell-shrink ratio of swell soil mixed with different ratios of lime were studied. Based on these, the optimal ratio of lime for improving the expansive soil in the region was determined. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Effect of Membrane Thickness on the Density Measurement  by Water Filling Method for the Rock Fills DUAN Fei1, YUE Yuanming1，JIA Hongbo2 2012, 26 (2):  93-95.  Abstract ( 2203 )   Save The rock fill dam construction becomes a matured construction technology in China. The rock fills is an important part of dam body and cofferdam structures. The rockfill density under different compaction methods might potentially affect the deformation of the constructed dam. Therefore, the density of the rock fill material is one of the major controlling factors for in the dam construction.  The insitu density tests are usually measured by the water filling method. Although this method is easy to operate, it is difficult to obtain an accurate measurement. Further, the membrane thickness might potentially affect the test results. This paper presents the experience on the density measurements by using two different plastic membranes. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Application of GPS Positioning Technology  in Building Deformation Monitoring SHEN Xiaoping1, CAO Haorong2, TANG Qianlong3 2012, 26 (2):  96-98.  Abstract ( 2281 )   Save GPS technology has brought a revolutionary change in the navigation, positioning and geodetic survey areas. It has the advantages of fast, working under all-weather conditions, highly automated, no need for invisibility between survey stations and simultaneously determining the deformation in three directions. The plumb at the center and the torsion of the shaft of a television tower are monitored through GPS positioning technique. The tower was monitored throughout the periodical data acquisition and the data were processed later on. The results indicate that the deformation monitoring of the building by using GSP position system is successful. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Dynamic Cone Penetrometer  Tests in Gravelly Soils in Deyang Area CHENG Xiaowei 2012, 26 (2):  99-1000.  Abstract ( 2672 )   Save Due to the complexity of the subsurface conditions in different areas and the factors that might potentially affect the blow counts in the Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests (DCPTs), it is proved that the correlation between blow counts obtained by different hammer weights, N120 and N63.5, are not unique. Soils in different areas might have different relationship. This paper discusses the relations between N120 and N63.5 in the sandy, gravelly and cobble soils in Deyang area. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of the Ground Penetrating  Radar in Detection of Groundwater in Karst WANG Zhaoyuan1,Liu xin2 2012, 26 (2):  101-104.  Abstract ( 2344 )   Save This paper discusses the technical details of detection the groundwater in the highly developed karst rocks using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). The feasibility of this technique is also discussed in the paper based on the principles of the GPR. The deflected energy at the groundwaterrock interface is quantitatively analyzed based on the electro-magnetic wave propagation theory. The paper also demonstrates the GPR data processing technique in the groundwater detection using a case history. The GPR predicted results are compared with the site excavations and found that the GPR technique improves the accuracy as well as the reliability of the groundwater prediction. Related Articles | Metrics