Abstract: With the rapid expansion of urban infrastructure, the development of underground space has led to a substantial increase in deep excavation projects. To address the limitations of conventional support systems—particularly their non-recoverability and high energy consumption—this study proposes an X-type supported double-row pile system. The system aims to achieve cost savings and environmentally sustainable construction by eliminating the need for internal bracing while ensuring excavation stability and deformation control in accordance with design standards. Using the finite-difference software FLAC3D, numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the stress and deformation behavior of the X-type pile system, and to examine the influence of inclined-pile angle, connecting-beam length, and pile length on its mechanical and deformation performance. The results indicate that the X-type supported pile system exhibits superior performance compared with traditional double-row pile support. Moreover, the effects and underlying mechanisms associated with inclined-pile angle, connecting-beam length, and pile length differ significantly in their contributions to the system’s overall behavior.

Key words: X-type Piles, Double-Row Piles, Numerical Simulation, Finite-Difference Method