土工基础

土工基础 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 933-939.

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

爆破挤淤法研究进展

项爱华1，王爱中1，潘朝昊2,3,4,5，秦伟2,3,4,5，颜厥福6，张留俊7，张志宙7，耿鹏8   

  1. （1.浙江交工集团股份有限公司，杭州 310051；2.温州大学建筑工程学院，浙江温州 325035；〗3.浙江省软弱土地基与海涂围垦工程技术重点实验室，浙江温州 325035；4.浙江省滩涂整治工程及生态保护协同创新中心，浙江温州 325035；5.滨海软土地基防灾减灾技术浙江省工程技术研究中心，浙江温州 325035；6.霞浦县新陆交通投资有限公司，福建宁德 355100；7.中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司，西安 710075；8.青岛鹏安信息科技有限责任公司，山东青岛 266121）
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-06 修回日期:2022-01-14 出版日期:2023-12-31 发布日期:2024-02-08
  • 通讯作者: 秦伟（1988-），男，副教授，研究方向为深水基础，地基加固处理，隧道及地下建筑工程等。
  • 作者简介:项爱华（1986-），男，高级工程师，研究方向为交通土建。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省公益技术应用研究项目（LGF22E080011）；温州市基础性科研项目（S20210005）；浙江省教育厅一般项目(Y202044146）；浙江省教育厅专硕项目(Y202146757，Y202248922）；温州大学硕士研究生创新基金项目（No.316202002070）；温州大学学生科研课题（2023kxfz098，2023kx113，2023kx115，2023kx117）

State of the Practice of Soil Replacement by Blasting Method

XIANG Aihua1, WANG Aizhong1, PAN Chaohao2,3,4,5, QIN Wei2,3,4,5,YAN Juefu6, ZHANG Liujun7, ZHANG Zhizhou7, GENG Peng8   

  1. (1.Zhejiang Communications Construction Group Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310051；
    2.College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035；
    3.Key Laboratory of Engineering and Technology for Soft Soil Foundation and Tideland Reclamation, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035；
    4.Collaborative Innovation Center of Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325035；
    5.Zhejiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Coastal Soft Soil Foundation, Wenzhou 325035；
    6.Xiapu County Xinglu Transportation Investment Co. Ltd., Ningde 355100；
    7.CCCC First Highway Consultants Co. Ltd., Xi’an 710075；
    8.Qingdao Pengan Information Technology Co. Ltd., Qingdao 266121)
  • Received:2022-01-06 Revised:2022-01-14 Online:2023-12-31 Published:2024-02-08

摘要： 爆破挤淤法常用来处理深厚软土地基，主要用于常规地基处理方法难以处理的区域，如潮间带路基、滨海堤坝等，具有施工效率高、造价低的特点。在查阅大量相关文献的基础上，结合现场项目，从爆破挤淤机理、现场施工工艺和施工质量检测技术三个方面，阐述了爆破挤淤抛填石法研究进展。被广泛接受的爆破挤淤机理理论为“空腔论”和“抗剪强度骤降论”，但是两者都不能完美解释其在超深厚淤泥层、特别是深度超过60 m的淤泥层中的现场实际表现。近40年来，该方法施工工艺改进较为明显，处理淤泥厚度从最初的12 m到现在的40 m以上。爆破挤淤的效果检测以多种检测方法联合为主，简要介绍了各种方法的原理及其优缺点。应用过程中尚存在相关机理不完善，落底深度不一致不彻底，以及爆炸对周边环境的影响尚未完全探明等问题，需要做进一步的研究探讨。

关键词: 爆破挤淤, 机理, 施工控制, 检测方法, 环境影响

Abstract: The soil replacement by blasting method is often used for the improvement of thick, soft soils, such as, roadway subgrade over tidal zone and nearshore embankments, that conventional soil improvement methods are difficult to apply. This method has the advantage of high efficiency and low construction cost. Based on the literature review, the mechanism, construction sequence and result monitoring aspects of the soft soil replacement with stone by blasting are discussed in the paper. From the mechanism point of view the “cavity theory” and the “sudden drop of undrained shear strength theory” are the widely accepted by the practitioners, but both theories could not completely explain the on-site performance of the blasting replacement, specially, the blasting replacement in the excessively thick soft soil layers (more than 60 meters thick). In the past 40 years, the construction technology of this method has been improved significantly, and the thickness of the treated soft soils has increased from the initial 12 meters to the current more than 40 meters. The testing of the soil replacement by blasting is mainly a combination of several testing methods. This paper briefly introduces the principle and advantages and disadvantages of each method. The application of soil replacement by blasting exists areas to be improved, such as, uncertain improvement mechanism, uneven treatment depths and the unclear effect on the adjacent.

Key words: Soil Replacement by Blasting, Mechanism, Construction Control, Construction Monitoring Methods, Environmental Impact

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