Abstract: Slope stability assessment is a fundamental issue in geotechnical engineering, with earthquakes recognized as one of the most critical triggers of slope failure. Consequently, understanding the seismic stability of slopes and developing effective reinforcement strategies is essential for mitigating earthquake-induced landslide hazards. In this study, a layered slope model is analyzed using the finite-element strength-reduction method to evaluate baseline stability, while seismic effects are examined through the pseudo-static approach. Considering the characteristic failure mechanisms of layered slopes under seismic loading, a lattice-type anchor-rod reinforcement system is proposed. The influence of this system on the stress field, displacement field, and safety factor is investigated under both natural and seismic conditions. The results indicate that the lattice anchor-rod system markedly enhances slope stability, significantly increasing the safety factor in both loading scenarios. Under seismic excitation, the layered slope develops an extensive failure slip surface, with the maximum displacement concentrated at the slope toe.