Abstract: The metro system greatly enhances urban development and daily travel, yet the excavation and construction required for underground station foundations inevitably influence the surrounding environment and nearby structures. To clarify how each stage of foundation-pit construction affects adjacent buildings, this paper examines the deep foundation pit project of Tianjin Metro Line No. 6 at Tianailu Station. Using on-site monitoring data, it evaluates the potential impacts of construction activities on nearby structures and proposes targeted control measures. The analysis shows that earthwork excavation, dewatering operations, and the installation of underground diaphragm walls can all contribute to settlement in surrounding buildings. Nevertheless, with well-designed and effectively implemented mitigation strategies, these negative effects can be substantially minimized, ensuring the safety and stability of nearby structural systems.

Key words: Deep Excavation, Earth Excavation, Building Settlement, Monitoring